PVC:
polyvinylchloride / vinyl

and other plastics related to vinyl

Chlorine (Cl₂)

• Synonyms and trade names: PVC; Satan's Resin; polyvinylchloride; vinyl; Armaodour; Astralon; Bakelite; Exon; Hostalit; Igelite; Lucoflex; Lucovyl; Marvinol; Norvinyl; Opalon; Ortodur; Polychlorovinyl; Polytherm; Porodur; Trovidor; Viniplast; Viniplaen; Vinnol; Vinoflex; Yugovinyl

• PVC: A Health Hazard From Production through Disposal - Paul Goettlich 25oct01

• Salt is the basis of PVC: Read about how it's made. . .
    . . . Multinational Giant Cargill Ignores the Rights of Indigenous Peoples to make Salt - Dr. Jorge Hinestroza / La Universidad del Zulia 16dec01
    . . . Petroquímica y PVC en Venezuela Apuntes para la historia de la petroquímica en Venezuela - (En Español) Dr.. Jorge Hinestroza 16jul01
  Also by Dr. Hinestroza (En Español)...El sabotaje tecnológico de PDVSA y los derrames petroleros en el Lago de Maracaibo Junio de 2003

• Why the Precautionary Principle? A Meditation on Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) and the Breasts of Mothers - Sandra Steingraber / Rachel's 8jul99

• World Production/Capacity 1980-1998

• Properties and Migration Data - Indirect Food Additives and Polymers: Migration and Toxicology

• Estimated Accumulation of PVC Long Life Goods 1962-2005

• How Vinyl is Made The Vinyl Institute

• In-Depth Description of the Production of Polyvinyl Chloride  -  2002

• How They Found the Vinyl-Cancer Link  -  Chemical Week  17jul74

  • Professor Cesare Maltoni (1930-2001)

• Food Wrap files on mindfully.org

• Air Pollution from PVC Plastics Plants Challenged - Press Release 9oct03

• Microwave enhances overall migration from PVC to foods - Packag. Technol. Sci. 12, 277-281.

• Alternatives to PVC: What is the Least Toxic Plastic? -  Paul Goettlich 8jun03

• Barbie is made of PVC: Barbarism Begins with Barbie, the Doll Children Love to Hate -  The Times (UK) 19dec2005

• The Debate Over PVC: To Use or Not To Use - Constructive Images Spring 2005

• Vinyl Flooring Not a "Green" Building Material: Major Setback To Industry Efforts to Greenwash -  Healthy Building Network 29may03

• Vinyl Chloride and Liver and Brain Cancer at a Polymer Production Plant in Louisville, Kentucky (abstract) - JOEM May03

• Interaction of Vinyl Chloride Monomer Exposure and Hepatitis B Viral Infection on Liver Cancer (abstract) - JOEM Apr03

• Alarm Rising in Denmark over Plastic Water Piping  - Environment Daily 28feb03

• Cartel Busters Raid PVC Makers: EU Commissioner Monti collected 923m euros in cartel fines last year - BBC 14feb03

• Vinyl Chloride CAS No. 75-01-4  - Tenth Report on Carcinogens / National Toxicology Program 11dec02

• For Top Medical Supply Buyers Reduce PVC, DEHP, and Mercury  - ENS 19nov02

• Plastic Rs 500-notes Coming Soon - Rediff.com (India) 30sep02

• Dow Poison Vinyl Chloride in Plaquemine - WBRZ News (Baton Rouge, LA) Aug02

• National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants for Polyvinyl Chloride and Copolymers Production / Final Rule EPA 10jul02

• Emissions of Dioxins - Furans from Ethylene Dichloride, VCM and PVC Facilities in the United States Vinyl Institute/ Chemosphere 2001

• Health Effects in Community Exposed to a large PVC Fire - Arch.Env.Hlth May/Jun01

• Organotin in PVC and CPVC Water Piping  -  ORTEP  29may01

• Hexyl-PVP Special Coating Kills Germs, Researcher Says - AP 22may01

  • Designing Surfaces that Kill Bacteria on Contact Joerg C. Tiller et al. / PNAS 22may2001

• European Parliament on on environmental issues of PVC - ENVI 21mar01

• Effects of Oil Plastic Extract on Mice  - Int J Environ Health Res Mar01

• Vinyl Chloride: Known Carcinogen  - EHIS 9th Report on Carcinogens Jan01

• PVC-Free A Toy Shopper's Checklist  - Pamela Lundquist / The Green Guide Jun00

• Workers & Increased Testicular Cancer  -  Ohlson, C., Hardell, L., 2000.

• Testicular cancer and occupational exposures with a focus on xenoestrogens - Chemosphere 40 (2000) 1277-1282

• Barbie's Butt and Globalism: The posterior of America's favorite doll can teach your kids a lot about economics. -  Los Angeles Times 5sep2007

  • Barbie -  "I Left My Heart in  San Francisco" Barbie  - AP 14sep01

  • Barbie Dolls are Hazard to Children PVC Plasticizer Mimics Estrogen - AP 24aug00

  • Ruth Handler Creator of Barbie Dies  -  LA Times 28apr02

  • Permanence of Plasticizers in PVC:  Objects in Museum Environment - (Abstract) American Chemical Society 24aug00

  • PVC Barbie Toys Safe to Melt in the Mouth? - Washington Post 8dec99

  • PVC Barbie's PVC Body Gets Sticky as Dibutyl Phthalate Migrates  -  National Museum of Denmark 19apr99

• Plasticizers Increase Adhesion of the Deteriogenic Fungus Aureobasidium pullulans to Polyvinyl Chloride J.S. WEBB et al / Applied and Environmental Microbiology 1aug1999

• Blue-Ribbon Panel Chaired by Dr. C. Everett Koop Concludes: Flexible Plastics "Not Harmful" - ACSH Press Release 22jun99

  • C. Everett Koop:  America’s "Family Doctor" Comes Under Fire For Inaccuracies In Plastics Report - Health Care Without Harm 15sep99

  • C. Everett Koop and ACSH:   Funded by Industry 

• Maker of IV System to Stop Using a Plastic  -  New York Times 7apr99

• In the Name of Prudence, Switch - Chemical & Engineering News 15mar99

• The environment: Chewing on the issue - The Economist (UK) 11Jul98

• Workers:  On-The-Job Human Health Effects Reality - Houston Chronicle Series Jul98

• Soft PVC Toys, plastic food wrap & some medical devices - Dangerously Toxic  - Rachel's Environment & Health Weekly 18jun98

• Volatility and solvent extractability of plasticizers used in PVC - Greenpeace 17dec97

• Pursuing Better PVCs  - EHP Dec97

• Occupational Exposure to Polyvinyl Chloride as a Risk Factor for Testicular Cancer - International Journal of Cancer 31jul97

• Greenpeace's Secret Sampling at US Vinyl Plants: Dioxin Factories Exposed  - Greenpeace International Apr97

• Epidemiologic Notes and Reports Angiosarcoma of the Liver Among Vinyl Chloride Workers  - MMWR Weekly / CDC 7feb97 

• Environmental Health and the Building Code - Synthesis/Regeneration 7/8 A Magazine of Green Social Thought / Summer 1995

• A Primary Contributor to the U.S. Dioxin Burden  -  Greenpeace Feb95

• Toxic Waste in Disguise  - Greenpeace Int 1992

• Toxicity of Construction Materials in Marine Environment  - (abstract) Archive of Environmental Toxicology v.22, i.1 1992 

• PVC role in dioxin from Burn Barrels - Evaluation of Emissions from the Open Burning of Household Waste In Barrels -  Report No. EPA-600/R-97-134a. Nov97

• Vinyl Chloride - Still a Cause for Concern EHP Jul00

• Vinyl Chloride - CAS No. 75-01-4 Known  Carcinogen  - NIEHS 9th ROC (also see 10th RoC above 11dec02)

• Vinyl Chloride - Use of Vinyl Chloride as a Pesticide is Banned - EPA List of Banned or Severely Restricted Pesticides 27jan99

• Vinyl Chloride - History of VC carcinogenicity studies  -  EHP v.41, 1981

• Vinyl Chloride - Effect of Ethanol on Vinyl Chloride Carcinogenesis - EHP v.41, 1981

• Vinyl Chloride Monomer Emissions From The Polyvinyl Chloride Processing Industries. Report to EPA May75 76086-11

• Vinyl Chloride - Notes from Meeting of MCA Vinyl Chloride Research Project - Union Carbide Internal Correspondence 13feb73

• Vinyl Fluoride Draft Report on Carcinogens - National Toxicology Program, HHS 1998

• Chlorine Chemical Manufacturers Association Public Relations Committee Interview 15mar93

• EDC 1,2-Dichloroethane (Ethylene Dichloride) 107-06-2 Hazard Summary  - EPA 17may01

• Cadmium - CAS No. 7440-43-9  - 9th Report on Carcinogens USDHHS,  PHS, National Toxicology Program rev. Jan01

• PVB:  Poly(2-Propyl-m-Dioxane-4,6-Diylene), Butvar, Polyvinyl butyral resin