The politics of industrialism     	The politics of ecology                      .
A deterministic view of the future 	Flexibility and an emphasis on personal autonomy
An ethos of aggressive individualism 	A co-operatively based, communitarian society
Materialism, pure and simple 		A move towards spiritual, non-material values
Divisive, reductionist analysis 	Holistic synthesis and integration
Anthropocentrism 			Biocentrism
Rationality and packaged knowledge 	Intuition and understanding
Outer-directed motivation 		Inner-directed motivation and personal growth
Patriarchal values 			Post-patriarchal, feminist values
Institutionalized violence 		Non-violence

Economic growth and GNP 		Sustainability and quality of life
Production for exchange and profit 	Production for use
High income differentials 		Low income differentials
A 'free-market' economy 		Local production for local need
Ever-expanding world trade 		Self-reliance
Demand stimulation 			Voluntary simplicity
Employment as a means to an end 	Work as an end in itself
Capital-intensive production 		Labour-intensive production
Unquestioning acceptance of the  	Discriminating use and development 
            technological fix		     of science and technology

Centralization, economies of scale 	Decentralization, human scale
Hierarchical structure 			Non-hierarchical structure
Dependence upon experts 		Participative involvement
Representative democracy 		Direct democracy
Emphasis on law and order 		Libertarianism
Sovereignty of nation state 		Internationalism and global solidarity

Domination over nature 			Harmony with nature
Environmentalism 			Ecology
Environment managed as a resource 	Resources regarded as strictly finite
Nuclear power 				Renewable sources of energy
High energy, high consumption 		Low energy, low consumption